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Flora and fauna
Flora and fauna
Costa Rica is home to a rich variety of plants and animals.
While the country has only about 0.1% of the world's landmass, it contains 5% of the world's biodiversity.
Around 25% of the country's land area is in protected national parks and protected areas, the largest percentual of protected areas in the world.
One national park that is internationally-renowned among ecologists for its biodiversity (including big cats and tapirs) and where visitors can expect to see an abundance of wildlife is the Corcovado National Park.
Tortuguero National Park – the name Tortuguero can be translated as "Full of Turtles" – is home to spider, howler and white-throated Capuchin monkeys, the three-toed sloth, 320 species of birds, and a variety of reptiles, but is recognized for the annual nesting of the endangered green turtle and is the most important nesting site for the species.
Giant leatherback, hawksbill, and loggerhead turtles also nest there.
The Monteverde Cloud Forest Reserve is home to about 2,000 plant species, including numerous orchids.
Over four hundred types of birds can be found here, and over one hundred species of mammals.
As a whole, around eight hundred species of birds have been identified in Costa Rica.
The Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad (INBIO) is allowed to collect royalties on any biological discoveries of medical importance.
Costa Rica and parts of Panama are home to the highly endangered Red Backed Squirrel Monkey (Saimiri oerstedii) (Saimiri Wildlife).
Deforestation, illegal pet-trading and hunting are the main reasons for its nearly extinct status.
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